TRANSPORTATION
Waterways:
Indonesia has 21,579 km of navigable waterways (As of 2005), of which about one half are on Kalimantan, and a quarter each on Sumatra and Papua. Waterways are highly needed because the rivers on these islands are not wide enough to hold medium-sized ships.
In addition to this, roads and railways are not good options since Kalimantan and Papua are not like Java, which is a highly developed island. With the current length of waterways, Indonesia ranked seven on the countries with longest waterways rant.
Roads:
A wide variety of vehicles are used for transportation on Indonesia's roads. Bus services are available in most areas connected to the road network. Between major cities, especially on Sumatra, Java, and Bali, services are frequent and direct; many services are available with no stops until the final destination. In more remote areas, and between smaller towns, most services are provided with minibuses or minivans (angkut). Buses and vans are also the primary form of transportation within cities. Often, these are operated as share taxis, running semi-fixed routes.
Many cities and towns have some form of transportation for hire available as well, such as taxis, bus rapid transit system (such as TransJakarta), and motorized autorickshaws (bajaj). Cycle rickshaws, called becak in Indonesia, are common in many cities, and provide an inexpensive form of in-town transportation. They have been blamed for causing traffic congestion and banned from most parts of central Jakarta. Horse-drawn carts are found in some cities and towns.
Private cars are far too expensive for the majority of the population, and are uncommon except in larger cities.
The AH2 highway is one of Indonesia's main highways.
Indonesia has about 213,649 km of paved highways and about 154,711 km of unpaved highways (As of 2002 estimate).
Indonesia has some highways, all the freeways are tolled (toll road). The most expensive is the Cipularang Toll road that connects Jakarta and Bandung.
Railroads:
Most railways in Indonesia are on Java, which has two major rail lines that run the length of the island, as well as several minor lines. Passenger and freight service runs on all of the lines. There is also commuter rail service in the Jakarta metropolitan area, known as KRL Jabotabek and Surabaya and the vicinities. In 2008, the government under PT Kereta Api and Angkasa Pura planned to built the airport railway from Soekarno-Hatta Airport to Manggarai (Jakarta). A monorail mass transit system is under construction in Jakarta.
The only other areas in Indonesia having railroads are three separate regions of Sumatra, one in the north around Medan, second in the West Sumatra from Pariaman to Padang and the other in the southern trip, from Lubuk Linggau (South Sumatra) to Bandar Lampung, (Lampung).
Aviation:
Air transportation in Indonesia is important to connect thousands of islands spread throughout archipelago. However safety issue still remains a problem. Several accidents happened in 2006–2007 has made Indonesia air transportation safety among the lowest with global average of 0.25 in 2007.
Airports
Total: 668 (2005)
Airports - with paved runways
- over 3,047 m: 4
- 2,438 to 3,047 m: 15
- 1,524 to 2,437 m: 48
- 914 to 1,523 m: 51
- under 914 m: 43
Total: 161 (2005)
Airports - with unpaved runways
- 1,524 to 2,437 m: 6
- 914 to 1,523 m: 26
- under 914 m: 475
Total: 507 (2005)
Heliports
Total: 23 (2005)
Airlines
National airline: Garuda Indonesia
Other airlines: Airlines of Indonesia